Graduation Speech On Academic Probation - 951 Words

No college student heads to college planning to be on academic probation and possibly dismissal. But reality, it can happen to anyone. It happened to my classmates and I and I know each and every one of them did not want to receive that email. Academic probation is a warning that students get when their performance falls below the college or university’s requirement for good academic standing. When I received my email, I was shocked and did not know what I was going to do next. I have never had a GPA that low before and I was mentally and physically shocked to read that email on my computer screen. There are several reasons why I am on academic probation, and several things I am going to do to get off of academic probation. I am a transfer student from Ivy Tech Community College in Bloomington Indiana. My high school only had 400 kids in the whole school and when I moved to Ivy Tech there were only about 3,000 students. It wasn’t that big of a change because the class s izes were still the same size and I still had that 1 on 1 interaction with my professor. When I transferred from Ivy Tech to IU that’s when it really hit me hard and it really affected my school work. My class sizes were several hundred, I did not have that 1 on 1 interaction with my professors and I failed to interact in my classes because they were so large. I also took 4 hard classes and 1 easy class which when speaking to my advisor she had mentioned that I took to many hard classes and that I need to mixShow MoreRelatedCase Studies13817 Words   |  56 Pagesassignment? * Should she order the T-shirts from a fair trade company? * Should she assume the Chinese company doesnt treat its workers fairly? CASE STUDY #4 Trust during the Dot-com Boom By Jessica Silliman Reyna Allen had her pick of jobs upon graduation as a communication major from Santa Clara University. She and her friends were graduating at what seemed like the perfect time-at the height of the dot-com boom. But Reynas professors had warned her about possible problems in the rose-colored jobRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pageskeeping good people is critical to the success of every organization. To look at HRM more specifically, we propose that it consists of four basic functions: (1) staffing, (2) training and development, (3) motivation, and (4) maintenance. In less academic terms, we might say that HRM is made up of four activities: (1) hiring people, (2) preparing them, (3) stimulating them, and (4) keeping them. Even the smallest entrepreneurial organization with one or two employees must recognize responsibility

Look at Pyramids of Giza Essay Topics For Answers

<h1>Look at Pyramids of Giza Essay Topics For Answers</h1><p>The Pyramids of Giza are one of the most one of a kind and captivating antiques from old Egypt. This antiquated structure is notable for its huge size, just as the way that it was an impeccably round structure without any sides. Numerous individuals look to Egypt to discover answers to questions that they have in their lives and this pyramid might just be the response to numerous mysteries.</p><p></p><p>There are many paper themes that can be utilized to instruct about this pyramid, and the best ones will include taking a gander at the pyramid itself. You should take a gander at this landmark and make sense of what precisely makes it so noteworthy. An extraordinary aspect concerning taking a gander at the pyramid is the way that you will have the option to find out about old Egypt while doing it. The historical backdrop of Egypt is really long and you can find out pretty much these antiquated riddles and occasions in this way.</p><p></p><p>If you do decide to take a gander at Pyramids of Giza article subjects then you will be taking a gander at a wide range of things that you can find out about. There are various hypotheses that you can find out about and even about the structures themselves. The pieces of the pyramid that you will be seeing will have various ways that they are utilized and the historical backdrop of these parts will reveal to you a great deal about the antiquated occasions that they are from. The most widely recognized hypothesis that you should find out about is that of the Great Pyramid, yet there are a lot more that you can investigate and you will find that they all have some level of truth to them.</p><p></p><p>The Egyptians had a wide range of speculations on the best way to fabricate this pyramid and they took a ton of estimations to discover the amount of the structure was really there. At the point when you take a gander at the sanctuary of Khufu you will see that there are portions of the structure that do at present stand today, and there are parts that were expelled and re-utilized for different things. At the point when you go over the pyramid that was worked by the pharaohs, there are various segments that should be taken a gander at as well.</p><p></p><p>When you find out about Pyramids of Giza article subjects you will find out about the piece of the structure that will show the base of the pyramid. You will be taking a gander at an area of the landmark that has still not been contacted and will allow you to find out about the materials that the laborers utilized and the techniques that they used to construct this landmark. When you begin looking you will have the option to make sense of the way that the sanctuary of Khufu had more than one story and that he had more than one temple.</p><p></p><p>All of these realities and hypotheses will all become an integral factor when you take a gander at Pyramids of Giza article subjects. You will gain proficiency with a great deal about the general development of the landmark and furthermore what materials were utilized for it. You will find out about how enormous the sanctuary was and what sort of work that it needed to do before the pyramids of Giza started to be built.</p><p></p><p>When you take a gander at Pyramids of Giza paper subjects you will be taking a gander at a tremendous segment of the landmark and you will perceive what makes it so unimaginable. You will perceive how significant the sanctuary of Khufu was for the historical backdrop of Egypt and how it was utilized in the structure of various landmarks. You will be taking a gander at a structure that is known for its size and marvel and you will have the option to make sense of how it was assembled and what materials were utilized to make it.</p><p&g t;</p><p>When you investigate Pyramids of Giza article subjects you will have the option to find out about the pyramid and the individuals who were associated with its development. The historical backdrop of Egypt is a long one and it is just getting longer. You will have the option to take a gander at the subject of why a few structures are made contrastingly and how this has something to do with the pyramids of Giza.</p>

Find Out Who is Talking About Essay Music Topics and Why You Should Be Worried

<h1> Find Out Who is Talking About Essay Music Topics and Why You Should Be Worried </h1> <p>Unlike points for center school or higher school, magnificent school themes are fairly additionally testing to find. Parent classes are basic for guardians who wish to embrace. School ought to happen in the nights. All year school is certifiably not a smart thought. </p> <p>All you will require is to pick the one which mirrors your private intrigue and affirmation. Consider rules for your theory and ensure that the point you select can assist you with accomplishing them the absolute best way imaginable. There are a few intriguing examination paper subjects that you can consider. </p> <p>Have someone else read your exposition and offer valuable analysis before composing a last draft. Try not to disregard to bring a solid snare toward the start (presentation section) and end up with a great end to make the peruser need to discuss the fascinating convincing exposition subjects of your choice. You ought to use APA reference apparatuses to help recorded as a hard copy your exposition the correct way or utilize a specialist article author that may compose the paper working with the APA reference tools.</p> <h2> The Pain of Essay Music Topics </h2> <p>Music papers are appropriate for some exceptional subjects. Following are different sorts of article themes for understudies that are classified in numerous areas so you can without much of a stretch picked the subject as per your need and necessity. The point must be fascinating, the theme must be fundamental lastly the subject must be educational. Exposition subjects are given by thesisrush. com.</p> <p>You don't have to gain overly specialized with lawful contentious expositions, yet make sure to get your work done on what the current laws about your favored point really state. All you will require is the best possible subject. On the off chance that you study science, you should pick a proper subject. Understudies are acclimated with the basic certainty which their educators give them with the task's point. </p> <h2> The Tried and True Method for Essay Music Topics in Step by Step Detail</h2> <p>It's constantly cooler to get a thorough discussion. Understand that article themes are simply essential thoughts that leave you considering a thought that may be an immense arrangement to another person. Music article subjects must be very much picked so you get adequate extension to expand your creative mind to make something one of a kind. Most scholastic exposition points as a rule request that you select a side in a contention or possibly to guard a pa rticular side against analysis. </p> <p>Music is a solid thing. No ifs, ands or buts, it is a need. Once in a while, it is an approach to escape everything and everybody. The sort of music is needy upon the person. </p> <h2> The Fundamentals of Essay Music Topics Revealed </h2> <p>Writing about the explanation and impact exposition subjects identified with the school's prominence or enduring the underlying year in school might be fine to snatch the enthusiasm of your friends. It's conceivable to go for a charming theme from any zone of science. On the off chance that you are looking for help with your exposition, at that point we give an extensive composing administration offered by completely qualified scholastics in your general vicinity of study. By and large, understudies think that its entangled to pick a right point. </p> <h2>The Supreme Strategy to Essay Music Topics </h2> <p>Music is about constantly used in films. It can cause total aliens to feel like they have associated with a related soul. It is something that is a piece of our lives. It can likewise initiate a progressively positive perspective. </p> <h2> New Ideas Into Essay Music Topics Never Before Revealed</h2> <p>A amazing melody is like verse put to music, making it more testing to break down than certain people may think. Eventually, music gratefulness additionally empowers you to find out about the instruments used in some particular classes, the first arrangers, together with the outfits. Loads of individuals use music for an approach to get siphoned'' up. </p> <p>Your decisions with respect to composing a viable music exposition truly are very shifted! Your peruser will be able to tell as well. </p>

Professional Writers And Themes For Essays

<h1>Professional Writers And Themes For Essays</h1><p>A parcel of individuals find that it is difficult to compose a decent custom article. There are sure nuts and bolts that an individual needs to have so as to have the option to compose a decent custom article. These essentials may incorporate the nuts and bolts like perusing and comprehension language.</p><p></p><p>There are various scholars, and every essayist has their own style. There are likewise various kinds of articles, with certain sorts being viewed as more powerful than others. One sort of exposition is known as a postulation. The proposition will essentially mention to an individual what they need to state about something in detail.</p><p></p><p>Thesis articles are normally written in a proper tone. Propositions can likewise be given as a strategic plan or introduction. There are generally more than one proposal for every understudy, so one would need to check with the school they will go to on this.</p><p></p><p>Another sort of paper is a postulation articulation. In this sort of exposition, the individual is approached to express their situation on a specific subject, however they are permitted to write in an increasingly close to home tone, hence offering the expression more persuasive.</p><p></p><p>Professional scholars will in general find that understudies appreciate composing, so understudies can utilize this when composing their very own papers. Understudies additionally think that its simpler to express their perspective with a postulation, in this way making them increasingly powerful and in this way equipped for composing an incredible essay.</p><p></p><p>A proposition will some of the time contain more than one passage. Theories typically comprise of three to four passages, with the primary section being the initial passage. This is trailed continuou sly passage, which contains the central matters that are to be introduced. The third passage is the place the understudy will introduce a few realities or data, which is significant for the theory to be well-written.</p><p></p><p>The understudy will at that point need to compose their own announcement toward the finish of the proposition. The understudy isn't approached to state anything here, however rather they should express their assessment in general thing. The school should support this announcement before it is remembered for the last thesis.</p>

Rubrics For Research Papers In College

<h1>Rubrics For Research Papers In College</h1><p>Rubrics for inquire about papers in school can be a colossal resource with regards to evaluating. For those of you that are self-coordinated and progressively self-coordinated, I propose that you look at my site beneath to figure out how to structure your own rubrics.</p><p></p><p>The reason that rubrics for inquire about papers in school are so significant is on the grounds that you will utilize them for everything. From majoring to look into papers, the entirety of your assignments will start with a rubric that you have drafted. This will help in making some sort of request inside your assignments that will assist you with making an increasingly productive grade.</p><p></p><p>When it comes to considering, there are numerous things that you need to do all through the semester for school. Along these lines, you will likewise need to sort out yourself and ensure that you don't fall behind on your examinations. By utilizing rubrics for look into papers in school, you will have the option to ensure that you don't miss anything. In the event that you do miss something, at that point you will have an approach to ensure that you recognize what you are missing.</p><p></p><p>College is such a hotshot of life. One thing that is critical to recall is that you should possess energy for others. Exploiting the way that you will have the option to get an additional hour of rest every night is an extraordinary time the executives apparatus that will permit you to have the option to invest energy with others while as yet getting your work done.</p><p></p><p>Another thing that you need to consider with regards to examining is making the most of various associations and openings that are offered to you. By making the most of such chances, you will have the option to discover new companions and associations that will p ermit you to get to where you have to go quicker than you may have the option to otherwise.</p><p></p><p>As I said previously, rubrics for inquire about papers in school are a tremendous advantage for you as an understudy. You will find that having a rubric for your examinations will assist you with structuring your life so that you will consistently be on the privilege track.</p><p></p><p>In request to ensure that you are set up for every task, you should plan a few unique assignments without a moment's delay. Doing this will give you more opportunity to examine, and yet, it will assist you with accomplishing better evaluations too. Most importantly by planning assignments that you realize should be done, you will have the option to guarantee that you have better grades.</p><p></p><p>To get familiar with the advantages of composing your own rubrics for investigate papers in school, make certain to look at my si te beneath. You will have the option to study how you can improve your evaluations in college.</p>

Psychiatric Problems Among Immigrant Black Americans Essay

Introduction Mental health is defined as a person’s condition with regard to their psychological and emotional well-being. In this day and age, mental health is a very prevalent matter considering that more and more people are opening up about it and showing others that it indeed is okay for you or someone you may know to seek help. Unfortunately, within racial minority groups it is not as prevalent as we would hope and it remains partially understood. According to Taylor, Chatters and Nguyen (2013) â€Å"there is a limited body of research on the mental health of Black Caribbeans.† Miranda, Siddique, Belin and Kohn-Wood (2005) also stated that even â€Å"to date, very little information on psychiatric problems among immigrant black Americans is available.† In this current literature review, I will be focusing on predictors of mental health amongst Afro-Caribbeans or Black Caribbeans. I will review the results of three studies, in which, when they come together, give some factors that contribute to the onset of mental illnesses in the Afro-Caribbean/Black Caribbean community. Based on this review, I will make recommendations for people of the Afro-Caribbean/Black Caribbean community to start seeking professional help with their mental illnesses to improve the mental health awareness amongst Afro-Caribbean/Black Caribbean and with this new-found data, practitioners may be able to conduct further research in the future to Literature Review The first article was conducted by RobertShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of A Formal Multicultural Education883 Words   |  4 Pagesthat similar human experiences are shared among different races and genders. â€Å"Implicit† test results told me that I hold more personal biases than I had thought. These unchecked biases may have potentially kept us from forming fair judgments toward others. Interestingly, when racial issues are in the conversation, it’s always about white-black relation, like other minorities do not account. My Chinese friend is a college graduate, a minority, and an immigrant in this country. She had to take jobs thatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Tattooed Soldier By Hector Tobar2077 Words   |  9 PagesDespite most Americans associating the word â€Å"immigrant† with Mexicans, there is a whole wide spectrum to the word â€Å"immigrant†. Not only did Mexicans and other Latino groups come to the U.S. to find jobs, but Central Americans also came to the U.S. to escape the chaos that was occurring in their home countries. The Tattooed Soldier by Hector Tobar, illustrates these aspects of power, difference and inequality by describing the story of Antonio Bernal traveling to the U.S. to escape his death by aRead MoreHealthcare Delivery System And The United States1045 Words   |  5 Pagescare can be defined as people’s ability to obtain healthcare when needed. It may also mean the availability of resources of care for people. Access is one of the main elements of health status. In preindustrial America, people were dealing with most problems of illness within their family, neighbors, and community. They had learned to rely on themselves in dealing with their own needs. Women were a big part of medicine of the domestic household. Mothers and wives were expected to have skills of familyRead MoreCulturally Adapted Acceptance And Commitment Therapy For Treating Depression Among Latino Adults9015 Words   |  37 PagesCULTURALLY ADAPTED ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT THERAPY FOR TREATING DEPRESSION AMONG LATINO ADULTS by Lucerito E. Ruiz Ramirez, M.S. A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Psychology UNIVERSITY OF LA VERNE College of Arts and Sciences Psychology Department Month and year dissertation is completed Copyright  © (year submitted) Lucerito E. Ruiz Ramirez All Rights Reserved CULTURALLYRead MoreClass Culture Is A Real Structure Essay2296 Words   |  10 PagesReading America- Sherry B. Ortner Ortner views class culture is a â€Å"real structure† in American society. The classic Marxist view attributes the differential relations of class to the means of production. A small number of people own the major systems of the production, while the rest of the population produces the wealth that contributes to the few. The neo-Marxist account expresses class as the salaried middle class and their power over other people’s lives, whether one owns the means of productionRead MoreThe Mental Health Disorder Of Schizophrenia Essay2383 Words   |  10 Pagesdelusions as well as most commonly observed being (auditory) hallucinations2. However, possibly due to the very complex characteristics of schizophrenia that’s mentioned above, a diagnosis is not straight forward and despite great efforts to rectify problems with the classification systems, issues still persist, most of which contain cultural aspects to them. RELIABILITY One of the main issues that impact the diagnosis of schizophrenia in patients is reliability. This refers to the consistently of symptomRead MoreInternet Addiction: Government Policy or Personal Responsibility?4485 Words   |  18 Pagesat a rapid pace. A Pew Internet and American Life Project study finds two thirds of all Americans use the internet to frequently participate in internet related activities (Fellows, 2008). Another study shows that 55% of all Americans have high speed internet in their homes and even higher among college or academic arenas. (Saville et al, 2010). Needless to say, the possibility of becoming addicted to the internet is now easier than ever. The average American is presented with internet opportunitiesRead MoreThe Asian American Population On The Health Disparity Surrounding Mental Health4671 Words   |  19 PagesIn 2014, the Asian American population accounted for nearly 5.4% of the total United States (U.S) population and is projected to increase to 9.3% by the year 2060.1 Currently, the cities with the largest populations of Asian Americans include the major metropolitan and surrounding areas of Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, Chicago, Washington D.C. and Honolulu.1 In this report, the Asian American population was defined as individuals who reported their race as Chinese, Japanese, Korean, AsianRead MoreEthnic Differences Between The United Kingdom And America3747 Words   |  15 Pagesproblematic. This is because there are not any universally agreed definitions of ethnic or racial groups and definitions change over time (Aspinall, 2002). Such problems of the lack of conceptual clarification stem from whether researchers presume that race and ethnicity are a biological or a social characteristic. To overcome this problem, throughout this paper, I will use the term ‘racial or ethnic minority’ to refer to any group of people who are exposed to unfavourable treatment because of theirRead MoreCRM 1301 Midterm uOttawa Carolyn Gordon Essay10218 Words   |  41 Pagesindividual offender from committing another crime in the future) Affirm authority of the Church Social control Rid society of undesirables/deviants Religious Control – More shame than pain The Ducking Stool, Brank, Branding Socially Constructed Problem: The Moral Panic Moral panic: Occurs when a condition, episode, person or group of persons is defined as a threat to societal values and interests Moral entrepreneurs: can be an individual, group, or a formal organization who takes the responsibility

Dynamic Pricing In Hospitality Industry †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: How to Dynamic Pricing in Hospitality Industry? Answer: Introducation Dynamic pricing as related to the hospitality industry refers to a form of pricing plan that prices products, commodities, or services based on time (Abel Aziz, Saleh and El-Shishiny, 2011). This simply means that a given hotel will transform its room rates regularly if up-to-the-minute market information shows the need for alterations. Dynamic pricing is generally founded on the acknowledgement that the right rate to charge for a given room night is what customers are able and willing to pay. Underpricing would mean that the revenue manager leaves money on the table while overpricing would mean the hotel may price itself out of the market (Guadix, Cortes and Mnunuzuri, 2010). Hotels that practice dynamic pricing tend to believe that hotels should regularly alter rates in reaction to the ever changing demand or supply conditions. The main challenge associated with this type of pricing is always trying o determine the most favorable price on any given day. In the recent past, there have been a number of arguments against and for the constant price changes. A revenue manager will tend to gauge the idea of consistency and price integrity against likely revenue profits through regular tweaking (Aydinliyim and Pangburn, 2012). On the other hand, there are hazards linked to approaching rate controls with a narrow point of view that concentrates on a single key variable which is usually occupancy. Should a revenue manager make a considered decision to make use of pricing as a competitive edge, then dynamic rate management would become one of the most efficient instruments in the fight for price-responsive customers (Pullman and Rodgers, 2010). It is common for a majority of hoteliers to charge higher rates in the course of higher demand periods, or when demand is anticipated to come in strong. This means that the rates are altered down in the course of low demand periods. Notably, dynamic pricing particularly at large hotels tend to vary from having the most favorable rates to having those with full pattern length of stay. Furthermore, they may be controlled by the use of computerized returns management systems. Depending on the types of location, market segments, hotel and total demand, divisions such as marketing mix percentage at recognized hotels could be between 70% and 100% (Baysden, 2014). Dynamic pricing is normally set as cost-based pricing for the lowest level so as to allow hoteliers to cater to their operating costs during low seasons. Advantages of dynamic pricing to a hotel A key advantage that is usually associated with dynamic pricing is that price declines are at times a requirement and regularly boost lackluster sales in order to meet revenue objectives. This is attained by reducing prices in an effort to keep up with market trends, competitor information, and internal stock levels (Atkinson and Ionais, 2015). In turn, it is possible to remain aggressive within the industry and shift inventory quickly when the need arises. Dynamic pricing is more than just price reductions. From what has recently been observed many prices could use a boost in price. This form of pricing is thus a way of maximizing gains and income regardless of the circumstance. Todays hotels are technologically advanced and have incorporated technology into their daily operations. Those who use dynamic pricing software are in a better position of staying up to date on rival pricing, and pricing trends (Baysden, 2014). They will also not lag behind and their gains will enjoy an increase of about 25%. Dynamic pricing enables a hotel to possess the ability to negotiate various year contracts, keeping it active and competitive all year round. Hotels take advantage of dynamic pricing by upselling. This means that they make use of low prices in an effort to lure potential customers while at the same time sell extra high margin commodities or services. Dynamic pricing also offers specific prices for specific customer groups and sales channels (Abel Aziz, Saleh and El-Shishiny, 2011). The most favorable discounting plans are also implemented to guarantee the sale of all inventories. Notably, the flexibility in offering prices allows hotels and other organizations in the hospitality industry to increase their revenues, market share, utilization, and margins. A commonly ignored benefit of dynamic pricing is that it allows hotels to direct demand much more ad hoc. Given the fact that demand may alter strongly on a regular basis, the price can even the peaks and reductions by either lowering or increasing prices. Uber is an example of a company that implements similar principle based on real-time demand (Guadix, Cortes and Mnunuzuri, 2010). Disadvantages of a dynamic pricing to a hotel Dynamic pricing can be disadvantageous to a hotel given the need to take into consideration the long term worth of the guests, not just the price they are willing to pay. There is also extra incremental revenue that may be produced by the guests. Another disadvantage is that changing ones pricing will automatically separate the hotel from its most valued guests, prompting them to look for other alternatives (Aydinliyim and Pangburn, 2012). They will also be led to believe that the hotels offer is suddenly valuable today or at a given time simply because the market demand has increased, or decreased. Dynamic pricing is somewhat difficult to manage whether it is guaranteeing customers are not put off by it, or ensuring the hotels techniques are scalable, and the transformations are implemented on time. Some retailers who are concerned with dynamic pricing tend to worry that the changing prices founded on rival pricing together with other factors will eventually coerce them to engage in a margin diminishing price warfare (Pullman and Rodgers, 2010). Moreover, previous work on this particular pricing tends to apply predetermined secretive set of prices from which they eventually distribute the price for a night. Making use of regular set of prices would mean adding to the already complicated model and thus require a sophisticated large scale programming solver to get the most favorable solution. Dynamic pricing can make customers feel angry or become irritated once they realize that they have been subject to price discrimination (Atkinson and Ionais, 2015). Such a reaction potentially damages a companys brand loyalty. When customers trust a given hotel or organization, they are more likely to become repeat customers who purchase its products and services. They also do not consider looking for alternatives elsewhere. However, organizations that engage in dynamic pricing gives these customers encouragement to consider other alternatives being offered by the rivals to guarantee that they are not spending too much (Baysden, 2014). The lack of commitment to any particular hotel or organization means customers will not hesitate to look for where they can get better deals. Internet shoppers are more likely to compare prices for similar commodities and services at various different businesses. If a given organization prices a product lower than others due to its dynamic pricing techniques, it can coerce its rivals to also minimize their prices so as to remain competitive. This can be good for customers but bad for most businesses. Examples from different areas particularly during special events, peak and non-peak periods Amazon is currently considered the largest online retailer that makes use of its numerous computing resources to evaluate and keep an eye on the prices of thousands of items sold by its rivals (Abel Aziz, Saleh and El-Shishiny, 2011). By implementing dynamic pricing, Amazon is able to convince its consumers that it always offers the lowest prices even though in the actual sense, it does not. The organization may not be the lowest-priced seller of a given product in any given season, but it consistently maintains low prices on best selling and high valued items. As a result, consumers get the notion that Amazon has the most favorable prices generally. Another example where dynamic pricing is implemented during peak, special occasions, and off-peak seasons is in the airline industry. Dynamic pricing means that seats of a given flight are charged differently as per the degree of demand for the seats that are yet to be sold (Guadix, Cortes and Mnunuzuri, 2010). This means that the higher the demand for the seats, the more expensive they are to be. Once in a while, airlines may offer unique discount promotions on chosen seats or paths in the course of certain travel times. During these periods, seats will be discounted from their usual fee, availing lower prices than previously offered. Notably, the discounted seats tend to remain at a stable lower price until a potential customer purchases them or the promotion comes to an end. Uber is the latest illustration of dynamic pricing being implemented to a rather novel service that surpasses the normal products in hospitality and travel (Aydinliyim and Pangburn, 2012). This particular transportation app allows consumers to hire a private vehicle service, alters prices depending on demand, while taking into consideration conditions such as the weather. Interestingly, the Uber service has gained much popularity with its consumers and has managed to lure in more potential ones. Fixed rules-based pricing which is an approach commonly used in the airline and transportation industry means that prices are generally determined based on the time of the day, week within a season, or day of the week (Pullman and Rodgers, 2010). The restaurant industry, for instance, has utilized this particular pricing for its early bird specials. References Abdel Aziz, H., Saleh, M. and El-Shishiny, H. (2011) Dynamic room pricing model for hotel revenue management systems. Egyptian Informatics Journal, 12(3), pp. 177 183. Atkinson, A. and Ionais, M.L. (2015) An approach to pricing in an uncertain environment. Cost Management, pp. 12 18. Aydinliyim, T. and Pangburn, M.S. (2012) Reducing packaging waste and cost via consumer price discounts. Decision Sciences, 43(6), pp. 1063 1089. Baker, R.J. (2009) Pricing on purpose: How to implement value pricing in your firm. Journal of Accountancy, pp. 62 68. Baysden, C. (2014) Times up: The benefits and challenges of moving away from the billable hour. Journal of Accountancy, pp. 28 31. Guadix, J., Cortes, P., and Mnunuzuri, J. (2010) Technology revenue management system for customer groups in hotels. Journal of Business Research, 63(5), pp. 519 527. Pullman, M. and Rodgers, S. (2010) Capacity management for hospitality and tourism: A review of current approaches. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(1), pp. 177

Cases - Materials and Text on Contract Law

Question: Discuss about the Cases, Materials and Text on Contract Law. Answer: 1. The issue that has to be decided is related with the fact if the parties, Richard and his father had the intention of being legally bound by the promise according to which, the father had agreed to pay a weekly allowance of $200 if Richard mowed the backyards of the family property. In this way, in this question, the issue is related with the intention to create legal relations, which is one of the essential elements, vital for creating a lawful contract. There are certain features that have to be present in an agreement and due to these elements, it can be said that the agreement between the parties can be enforced by the law. These elements include offer, acceptance, consideration, capacity and the intention to create legal relations. The elements of the intention one part of the parties to the agreement to enter into legal relations has been introduced under the contract law with the purpose of sifting out the cases in which, court action will not be appropriate (Burrows, Finn and Todd, 2002). Not every agreement that has been concluded between the parties results in a lawful contract. For example in some cases, two friends may have decided to meet each other at the pub. In this case, although they may be a moral duty on the part of the French to honor such an agreement but in this case, there is no legal duty to do so. Therefore, such agreements are not enforceable under the law. The reason is that generally in such cases, the par ties do not have the intention of being legally bound and at the same time, the law tries to reflect the wishes of the parties (Beale, (ed) 2002). Therefore in order to decide which agreements can be imposed by the law and in case of which agreement, the parties have intention of entering into regulations, a difference is present between domestic/social agreements and the agreements made in context of trade. Such an issue came before the court in Jones v Padavatton (1969). In this case, it has been established like in Belfour v Belfour (1919) that howsoever complex the domestic arrangements may be but there is a presumption that they does not result in the creation of a legally binding contract, unless a clear intention is present which indicates to the contrary. Therefore in this case, an offer was made by Mrs. Jones to pay her daughter, Mrs Padavatton and amount of $200 per month if she left her job in the United States and went to London to study for the bar. Although, at first, the daughter was not willing because she had a good job with the Indian Embassy in Washington, but she was persuaded by her mother to do so. A mother believed that by doing so, the daughter may join her as a lawyer in Trinidad. However this initial agreement between the mother and daughter did not work because while the daughter was under the impression that the $200 will be US dollars but the mother intended them to be Trinidad dollars which were nearly half of what the doctor was expecting. As a result, the data can only afford to rent one room in which she had to live with her son. Therefore the mother agreed that she will purchase a house for her to live in. Accordingly a large house was purchased by the mother so that the other rooms could be given on rent by the daughter and the sink and can be used for maintenance. Later on the daughter married and could not complete her studies. Under these circumstances, the mother wanted the possession of the house. Therefore the issue that had to be decided by the court was if a legally enforceable contract has been created between the mother and her daughter or if the agreement created between them was only a family arrangement that was not intended to be legally binding. In this case, it was the decision of the court that the agreement between the parties was only a domestic agreement and a presumption has been raised that it was not the intention of the parties to be legally bound by the agreement. There was no evidence that could rebut this presumption. In the present case, Richard's father had promised to pay him a weekly allowance of $200 if he mowed the front and back yards of the family property and kept the gardens looking tidy. Earlier, the father was paying $350 to a garden contractor for doing the same job. Later on, the father told Richard that he cannot afford to pay the weekly allowance of $200. He also stated that this work should be done by Richard for free because it was the responsibility of the whole family to keep the property tidy and apart from it, Richard was also getting free boarding and lodging. As this arrangement has been made between father and son, it can be supposed that they lacked the intention of entering into a legal relationship. Moreover, there is nothing to rebut this presumption. As a result, in this case, the promise made by the father of paying a weekly allowance of $200 to Richard is not legally enforceable. Therefore, Richard cannot enforce the promise made by his father to pay $200 per week in a court of law. 2. The issue in this case is related with the remedies that may be available to Frere Bros for the breach of contract that has been committed by Joe. According to the law contract, when a party to the contract has failed to keep the promise under the agreement or failed to fulfill its responsibilities imposed by the contract, it is said that a breach of contract has taken place. The breach of contract can be whole or in part. In case of a breach of contract by a party to the contract, the other party gets certain remedies (Benson, (ed) 2001). The major remedies that are available to the innocent party for a breach of contract are damages, specific performance and injunction. The remedy of damages is generally used in contract law. Under the contract law, damages are the losses or the costs that have to be incurred due to the wrongful act of the other party. Therefore damages are a payment that has to be made under the common law (Addis v Gramophone, 1909). The intention of providing the remedy of damages is to provide financial compensation for the loss that has been suffered by the other party because of the breach. In this way, the main purpose of providing the remedy of damages is the need to protect the expectation interests of the promisee and also the performance of the promisor. Contractual damages are also able in case of a breach of contract. Therefore when a breach of contract has taken place, either party may suffer from a loss. The purpose behind contractual damages is not to provide punishment to the party that has failed to perform its part of the agreement. In this regard, the court also does not consider the ability of the defendant to pa y while determining the amount of damages (Atiyah, 1990). For example, the amount of damages can be the difference that is present between the contract price and the cost of performing the contract by another party. The other remedy that can be available in case of a breach of contract is that of specific performance. It is also significant remedy available in such cases. Specific performance is the order of the court according to which the defendant has to perform the act regarding which, it has already made a promise under the contract (Nutbrown v Thornton, 1805). Generally this remedy is in the form of judicial order according to which the person to go with this directive, has to do something or restrained from doing something. Generally the remedy of specific performance is used for the purpose of establishing a previously established transaction. The remedy of specific performance has proved to be most effective when it comes to protecting the expectation interests of an innocent party in case of a breach of contract. Before granting the remedy of specific performance, the court has to see if adequate relief can be provided to the innocent party by using the remedy of damages. Therefore whe n adequate remedies provided by damages, generally specific performance is not granted. Similarly, the court will refuse the remedy of specific performance if the terms of the contract are not clear. In this regard, a discretion has been provided to the court to refuse the award of the remedy of specific performance where granting this remedy may result in annual hardships to the defendant. However, in many cases, the remedy of damages cannot adequately compensate a person, particularly in cases where the subject matter is unique, in order to deal with such cases, the court of equity had developed the remedy of specific performance. Consequently, as a remedy for the breach of contract, commonly specific performance is granted where a suitable remedy is not provided by award of damages. Apart from the remedies of damages and specific performance, there is another remedy that can be granted by the court. Therefore, the court may award an injunction for a breach. An injunction can be described as an order of the court according to which the other party to the contract has to stop doing something and at the same time, such an order also prevents the happening of a particular thing in the future (Lumley v Wagner, 1852). Different types of intentions are present, including the mandatory injunction and the interlocutory injunction. The interlocutory injunction can be used for the purpose of maintaining the subject matter during the pendency of the litigation between the parties. On the other hand, when mandatory injunction has been granted by the court, the other party is required to do something. In the present case, Joe is a famous film actor and he had contracted with Frere Bros. The contract is for five years and according to the contract, Joe had agreed to provide the services exclusively to Frere Bros. therefore it has been provided in the contract that Joe will not act in the films of any other company during the period of the contract. However in the first year of the contract, Joe breached the contract and agreed to work in a film that was being made by another company. Under the circumstances, it has to be seen which remedies are available to Frere Bros for the breach of contract by Joe. As mentioned above, generally the courts provide the remedy of damages in case of a breach of contract. But in cases where the remedy of damages will not be sufficient to compensate the innocent party, the court may grant the remedy of specific performance or injunction. As mentioned above, when the remedy of injunction has been granted, the court may ask the party to do or not to do something. For example in the present case also the remedy of injunction will be most suitable for Frere Bros. therefore in this case, Frere Bros can seek the remedy of injunction from the court and ask the court to prevent Joe from it being in the film that is being made by Pretty Pictures. At the same time, the court may also grant an injunction according to which, Joe will not act in the film of any other company during the period of the contract. Therefore in this case, the remedy of injunction will be most suitable. References Atiyah, P.S. 1990, Essays on Contract, Oxford University Press, New York Beale, H. (ed) 2002, Cases, Materials and Text on Contract Law Hart Publishing, Oxford Benson, P. (ed) 2001, The Theory of Contract Law: New Essays Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Burrows, JF, Finn, J. and Todd, S. M.D. 2002, The Law of Contract in New Zealand (2nd ed, LexisNexis NZ, Wellington Case Law Addis v Gramophone[1909] AC 488 Balfour v Balfour [1919] 2 KB 571 Jones v Padavatton [1969] 1 WLR 328 Lumley v Wagner (1852) 42 ER 687 Nutbrown v Thornton (1805) 10 Ves 159